Free Essays - Along Came A Spider :: spider

James Patterson wrote Along Came A Spider. The genre is adult fiction. It is a good smart because it has a great mystery in it. This novel also has a lesson in it. The lesson is not to tie your family up with your work. The setting in this novel takes place in majuscule DC from 1932-1934. Gary Soneji, (a.k.a. Gary Murphy) is a serial killer who kidnapped two children, Maggie Rose, the golden-haired daughter of a famous movie actress. The another(prenominal) child was Shrimpie Goldberg, the son of the Secretary of the Treasury. Gary Soneji dragged these two kids from place to place all told over Washington. When Gary is Gary Soneji, he commits crimes all the time. When Gary is Gary Murphy, he is the perfect little angel who loves his family. When hes one Gary, he cant remember the other Gary. Gary Soneji kidnapped these two kids for a ransom of 3 million dollars. Alex Cross is a detective who is out to get Gary. Gary Soneji went after Alexs kids, so Alex chased Gary round Washing ton and killed him in cold blood. This novel shows person vs. person (Gary Soneji vs. Everyone) and person vs. self (Gary Soneji vs. Gary Murphy). The setting in this novel takes place in the USA, mostly Washington DC. The time period was from 1932-1934. The setting is important because it took place in the projects, where lots of crimes were being committed all the time. One chela reference book in this novel is Sampson. Sampson knows Alex Cross better than his own two kids. This is because Sampson is Alexs partner in the police force force. Sampson hates Gary Soneji just as much as the next person, but inappropriate Alex, Sampson is afraid of Gary. Sampson doesnt have a wife or kids, so he hangs out at Alexs house a lot. Another minor character is Jezzie Flanagan. She is Alex and Sampsons boss at the police station. She supports them 100%. Jezzie had an affair with Alex at the end of the novel. They went to Cuba for two months for POLICE BUISNESS. I would say that the main char acter is Alex Cross. I say this because from start to finish, hes in every chapter. Alex has two kids and he is divorced. He works as the head at the police department. His partner is Sampson and his boss is Jezzie Flanagan.

To Kill A Mockingbird - Who Is The Most Guilty :: To Kill a Mockingbird Essays

Who is the most guilty? Review the involvements of the characters in the novel and evaluate weather or not they were guilty, and if so how guilty?In the classic novel To Kill A Mockingbird by Harper Lee there is an abundance of characters that could be proclaimed to be the guilty party, but who is truly the guiltiest one of all? The definition of guilt is as follows the state of having done nighthing wrong or committed an offense a feeling of self-reproach from believing that one has done something wrong. My job is to examine the characters closely and determine who is the most guilty in the involvements of tom turkey Robinsons prosecution, conviction and ultimately his death.As I stated, there is an abundance of characters that could be guilty, from Mayella and Bob Ewell, Heck Tate, to the jurors and Atticus Finch. All of these characters play a roll in the story, and a roll in the events that happened to Tom Robinson.The story is an interesting one, but guilty parties are found t hroughout. The story is set against the background of nineteen mid-thirties Southern life. The Finches are a family that once ran a large, successful plantation. Their ancestors had been aristocratic ladies and gentlemen of the south. Now they are reduced to gentle poverty. Atticus and his family live in a town named Maycomb, he is a career layer. He has a son named Jeremy and a girlfriend named Jean-Louse. They also have a cook named Calpernia, she is a blackness but they respect her greatly. Racism in Maycomb is evident almost where ever you look, and Negro peoples dont have a chance to succeed.A family that contend a huge roll in the novel are named the Ewells. They live on the out skirts of town by the dump, near the Negro dwellings. The family consists of Bob, whom has a daughter named Mayella and several other siblings. In the context of the book, they are seen as no better than the Negros. There is a sheriff named Heck Tate, he is the one and only natural law officer in the small town, and a judge named Taylor, who in the end hands down Toms punishment.To Kill A Mockingbird deals with many an(prenominal) primal and basic lessons in human nature. The book expresses many issues that affect people throughout there lives. The novel deals with what you feel inside, and I think that some of the characters, or at least, they should be feeling guilt inside.

The Dreamers of The Glass Menagerie :: Glass Menagerie essays

The Dreamers of The Glass Menagerie      The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams shows the postulate of twopeople to fit into society, Tom and Laura, and how society wouldnt accept them.They were the ambitiousnessers that were unjustly kept out and you may even go as far asto say persecuted into staying out and aloof like the other dreamers which areforced to become outcasts and not contribute to the actions of all.      Tom and Laura, the two dreamers, were pushed by their mom, Amanda, to herframe of legal opinion and the thoughts of a hard working society. They both stumbled onthe fire escape which served as a gateway, physically and mentally. Tom had theproblem of fitting in at the warehouse were he worked, because is the warehousereally a place for someone like him and his mind rebelled. Lastly you can seehow society forced them to sort and Laura to lose her status in order to fitin with Jim and thats shown by the horn breaking. Tom then realizes that andleaves which causes him to change too. Tennessee Williams artfully depicted this.      The fire escape. A downtrodden red thing off the sides of buildings showingsocieties ineffectual escape from itself. In this case it served as a passagewaybetween the real world and the dream one that Laura and Tom were living in athome. Both somehow stumbled both physically and mentally. When Laura said Imall pay. I slipped but Im all right(47). She was trying to pass to the realworld to do a real job and couldnt because of societies inability to accepther and her ways. She wasnt tight enough to make the trip by herself, butneeded the moral support of the other dreamer in the area, which was Tom whocame running out. Tom is the one who stumbles mentally in his inability to portat the escape, which would be his way out of the place. He was always losing hisstrength while out there smoking and looking out into the world. Recognizing thesounds and trying t o assort but unable to. He was forced away and unable tobring up the strength inside himself to go out and leave and to stay strong as adreamer. Forced by society to use it as a gateway instead of just keeping it thesame and just a mode of transportation to go down.      Every night you hear Tom say, Im going to the movies (42). He uses thatas an escape of the imagination which is what made him a dreamer.

Analysis of The Tulse Luper Suitcases Trilogy Essay -- Peter Greenaway

History and time are considered to be cultural formations since a History cannot be detached from the socialisation in which it is produced and received. It is by culture that a historical sense is achieved and in fact, each culture experiences History in a different way leading us to the current cognition of History as not being one, but many histories depending on the cultural groups involved. Historians have fought doneout the centuries on whether such thing as impersonal History can exist but in the end, even materialist historians will admit that the reality of History is so complicated and contradictory that no sensation version could possibly represent the truth consequently different interpretations are inevitable.This is where Peter Greenaway comes in with his trilogy The Tulse Luper Suitcases in which the eponymous suitcases (of which on that point are 92) contain the dispassionate memories of Tulse Luper, a manic collector of forgotten records and other evidence of the twentieth century. Devised as a trilogy, Peter Greenaways multimedia project concentrates on a period between 1928, the year in which the element uranium was discovered in Colorado, and 1989, the year when the Berlin wall came down and the Cold War came to an end. The two profound events of the past one hundred years the confrontation between East and West and the threat of atomic warfare have left their mark on writer and realizer of projects Tulse Luper, who spends most of his time detained in some form of prison or another. Lupers role is hard to define his many encounters, the injuries he has free burning and fragments of sentences that surface from his memory, all combine to produce a complex weave or structure that includes both various periods in time a... ...aware of in his film, through the opposition between the reality of History on the one hand and the fiction of the Luper project on the other, the truth and stability of what really happened and the playful soc ial structure presented by Greenaway, the unincarnated omniscience of reality and the awkward contextualization provided by the Luper point-of-view. According to Greenaway, History does not exist in an absolute, unmediated form, but will always be filtered through the perceptions, interpretations and values of subjects as experiencers, filing instances, historians and readers. The event as it was thus can never be recovered in an absolute form and that is why there is no such thing as History, but only historians whose collective work only, can serve as a somewhat effective record of History.

Fire and Water Imagery in Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre Essay -- Jane E

Fire and Water Imagery in Jane Eyre In Jane Eyre, the use of water and perk up imagery is actually much related to the character and/or mood of the protagonists (i.e. Jane and Rochester, and to a certain extent St. John Rivers) -- and it also serves to show Jane in a sort of middling position between the two men. However, it should also be noted that the characteristics attributed to fire and water have alternately positive and negative implications -- to cite an example among many, abutting the beginning of the novel, reference is made to the devastating effects of water (ceaseless rain sweeping away wildly, death-white realm i.e. of snow), and fire is represented by a terrible red glare later, fire is represented as being comforting in Miss Temples room, and it is water that saves Rochester from the first fire. These literal associations with fire and water become increasingly symbolic, however, as the novel progresses, where the fire / water / (ice) imagery becomes a represe ntation of the emotional and moral dialectic of the characters, and it also becomes increasingly evident that the positive and negative potentialities of fire and water also show the positive and negative potentialities of the characters whom they represent. Rochester is very much associated with fire, with the strange fires in his look, and especially with his flaming and flashing eyes. By extension, so is everything associated with him (i.e. his first wife and Thornfield). Janes first reaction to Thornfield itself, destined to fall victim to fire, is to be dazzled by the double illumination of fire and candle, just as she is later to be dazzled by the fire of Rochester himself. On one level, this fire is the sentimentalist fir... ...Bronte, Charlotte. Jane Eyre. New York Dodd, Mead & Company, 1991 David Lodge, Fire and Eyre Charlotte Bronts War of Earthly Elements Gates, Barbara Timm, ed. Critical Essays on Charlotte Bronte. Boston G. K. Hall, 1990. Jane Eyre. Dir. Franco Zeff irelli. Perf. William Hurt, Charlotte Gainsborough, and Anna Paquin. 1996 Kadish, Doris. The Literature of Images Narrative Landscape from Julie to Jane Eyre. New Brunswick Rutgers UP, 1986.Lodge, Scott. Fire and Eyre Charlotte Brontes War of Earthly Elements. The Brontes A Collection of Critical Essays. Ed. Ian Gregor. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice Hall, 1970. 110-36.McLaughlin, M.B. Past or Future Mindscapes Pictures in Jane Eyre. Victorian Newsletter 41 (1972) 22-24.Solomon, Eric. Jane Eyre Fire and Water. College English 25 (1964) 215-217.

Fire and Water Imagery in Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre Essay -- Jane E

Fire and Water Imagery in Jane Eyre In Jane Eyre, the use of water and tone-beginning imagery is very much related to the fictitious character and/or mood of the protagonists (i.e. Jane and Rochester, and to a certain extent St. John Rivers) -- and it also serves to show Jane in a sort of intermediate position between the devil men. However, it should also be noted that the characteristics attributed to fire and water have alternately positive and banish implications -- to cite an example among many, near the beginning of the novel, reference is do to the devastating effects of water (ceaseless rain sweeping away wildly, death-white realm i.e. of snow), and fire is represented by a terrible bolshie glare later, fire is represented as being comforting in Miss Temples room, and it is water that saves Rochester from the first fire. These literal associations with fire and water become more and more symbolic, however, as the novel progresses, where the fire / water / (ice) image ry becomes a representation of the emotional and moral dialectic of the characters, and it also becomes increasingly evident that the positive and negative potentialities of fire and water also show the positive and negative potentialities of the characters whom they represent. Rochester is very much associated with fire, with the strange fires in his look, and particularly with his flaming and flashing look. By extension, so is everything associated with him (i.e. his first wife and Thornfield). Janes first reaction to Thornfield itself, destined to fall victim to fire, is to be dazzled by the double illumination of fire and candle, just as she is later to be dazzled by the fire of Rochester himself. On one level, this fire is the Romantic fir... ...Bronte, Charlotte. Jane Eyre. New York Dodd, Mead & Company, 1991 David Lodge, Fire and Eyre Charlotte Bronts war of Earthly Elements Gates, Barbara Timm, ed. Critical Essays on Charlotte Bronte. Boston G. K. Hall, 1990. Jane Eyre. Dir. Franco Zeffirelli. Perf. William Hurt, Charlotte Gainsborough, and Anna Paquin. 1996 Kadish, Doris. The Literature of Images Narrative Landscape from Julie to Jane Eyre. New Brunswick Rutgers UP, 1986.Lodge, Scott. Fire and Eyre Charlotte Brontes War of Earthly Elements. The Brontes A Collection of Critical Essays. Ed. Ian Gregor. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice Hall, 1970. 110-36.McLaughlin, M.B. Past or Future Mindscapes Pictures in Jane Eyre. Victorian Newsletter 41 (1972) 22-24.Solomon, Eric. Jane Eyre Fire and Water. College English 25 (1964) 215-217.

The Conflict of Kashmir

It is well known that the State of Kashmir has al bureaus been a b iodine of contention, a perennial problem ever since India and Pakistan achieved their independence. The issue of Kashmir is one of the major problems which has stymied the world for so long, eventuating in horrendous loss of life and negative impact on the development of Kashmir. The history of being of Kashmirian nation is encompassing of distress and suffering. The life of this nation is associated with p all overty and oppression therefore, this hatfulnot be wished outside(a) and needs to be thoroughly discussed analyzing the origins of conflict of Kashmir and defining possible solutions.Kashmir is a fine region of South Asia, nestled between Pakistan, India, and China. The vast majority of the regions 13 million inhabitants live between the Himalayan Mountains and the Pir Panjal Mountains in the Kashmir Valley. Kashmir has two important water supplies that flow through it the headwaters of the Indus River and the Jhelum. The climate and fertile lands of Kashmir are convenient for farming that produce rich procurements of corn, wheat, rice, fruit and veget able-bodieds. Another feature of Kashmir is that approximately 80% of Kashmirs volume is Muslims.It is believed that these two factors of Kashmir are the main cause of conflict between India and Pakistan. Therefore, lets keep this in order and consider everything step by step. The Region of Kashmir has changed significantly over the last sixty years, largely due to actions of humans and the redrawing of its political borders. In 1947 Britain withdrew from India leaving behind a partitioned subcontinent. Two Independent states, India and Pakistan, had come into being. Jammu and Kashmir were one of the states that had existed nether the British control.At that time, all the princely states had two choices accede to Pakistan or India. Meanwhile all the states did the needful, the State of Kashmir took a unique turn, an eventful and a n unprecedented turn. On October 26th, 1947 rajah Hari Singh signed an Instrument of Accession to India. This action violated the rights and hopes of 77% Muslim population of Kashmir to join Pakistan that has resulted in at least four major wars. withal loss of liberty for 10 million people, it has entailed loss of lives, which was more than 102, 000, in the form of executions, bombardment and disappearances, terrible tortures, injuries, exual discriminations, destruction of property and business. The governments of India promised the people of Kashmir that they would be able to vote for their future sovereignty, but this never happened. Both Pakistan and India stimulate claim to the Region of Kashmir over the past six decades. Pakistan has laid two major interests to the region. The showtime one is the Indus River, which begins in Kashmir. The Indus River plays a crucial role for Pakistan, because it is one of the main sources of water.Secondly, as it was written, Pakistan keep s on trying to unite Muslim population of Kashmir with Muslim brothers and sisters from Pakistan. Whereas, India claims that Kashmir is an intrinsical part of their territory and will not relinquish its control of the region. Turning to the possible solutions, it is often reported that mevery efforts were undertaken by both India and Pakistan. Furthermore, The United Nations have tried to regulate these tensions and reach a compromise which would be convenient for both sides. Unfortunately, all these steps did not succeed.For instance, there were a proposal to accept a boundary which would divide Kashmir into two parts, with one side administrated by India and another side by Pakistan. Current border, namely the Line of Control, divides Kashmir into Pakistani Kashmir and Indian Kashmir. According to the statistical data, this boundary is secured by 650,000 Indian soldiers, while a total army consists of 1,3 million soldiers. I am completely sure, that this the worst way to remedy a situation since the vast majority of Muslim residents would have had to stay with India.In my view, The United Nations moldiness take a stronger role in this conflict. The U. N. must require that India and Pakistan allow the people of Kashmir to decide their sovereignty. People of Kashmir should be tryn the rights to choose whether they want to accede to India or Pakistan. It is extremely important that Kashmir must not be divided by cultural differences, which may create an area of internal conflict in the future. There must be organized circumscribed elections under the control of the U. N. and other political observers.However, I strongly believe, that the needs and interests of Pakistan and India have to be taken into account as well. It implies that Pakistan should be given the authorisation that some part of the important water source, Indus River, will be available for Pakistan whatever happens next. Indias needs should not be ignorant though. Of course, there should be better limitations for consuming the wealth of Kashmir by India and Pakistan. Obviously, these all would motivate both sides to resolve an issue in a short time. Second solution for the Conflict of Kashmir is large(p) an independence to whole Kashmir Region.First thing which can come to ones mind is that none of the countries will accept this way. The cause of this is that neither of sides are willing to give away the land which is very beneficial and profitable. Nevertheless, this difficulty can be overcome easily. In my opinion, the U. N. could exert pressure upon both Pakistan and India in order to force them to realise the State of Kashmir as an independent area. If to consider Kashmir as an independent region, it is certain that Kashmir is comprehensively weak and will not be able to exist without any help from the outside.So, in this situation both Pakistan and India could render assistance and support to Kashmir to build an economics and ensure a gradual development, but with compensation. In candid terms, India and Pakistan could have a bargain with Kashmir. For instance, these countries are able to ensure the safety of Kashmir allocate small part of their military in Kashmir. Moreover, both India and Pakistan can give the help to Kashmir with integration to the Organisation of United Nations. Also, they could establish some kind of institutions in order to stimulate the economics of independent Kashmir.In return for this, Kashmir could allow Pakistan and India to choose finite part of natural resources. In my point of view, it would be much better if all the sides signed a declaration of alliance and interaction. In conclusion, it must be said that we cannot remain oblivious to these heinous crimes, nor can the international community. We must pay more attention to this conflict and to the ways how this issue can be resolved. Every move leads to the serious outcome, as in 1947 if Raja Hari Singh had chosen more sensible decision , so war would have been avoided and people of Kashmir would not have suffered.Unfortunately, humankind cannot go back to that time and try to prevent this conflict.Bibliography 1. Global Conflict Kashmir. BJ Basinski CIM/CAM 11-23-99. 2. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia. Columbia University Press. 3. The interview of Sumantra Bose to fthm The conflict in Kashmir. Sumantra Bose 2001. 4. The official website of BBC News channel (special reports) The future of Kashmir? (http//news. bbc. co. uk/2/shared/spl/hi/south_asia/03/kashmir_future/html/) 5. The Kashmir Issue Some Options Towards Solution. Dr. Misbah Islam.

Food Justice Essay

Walking into the lecture I had no clue what fare rightness meant. If anything, I figured the lecture had to do with justice for fair trade for farmers or the justice in regulation of genetically modified foods. Instead it dark out to be justice that seeks to ensure that the risk associated with growing, producing, transporting, distributing, eating, access to food is shared by everyone fairly. After Professor Kieth Pezzoli gave a little explanation almost food justice and its purpose I began to see the background stuff that goes on to get my food on my plate.I was beginning to see that the food that gets into my stomach has probably traveled to more places around the US than I will ever be. What was really interesting was learning that food that gets cultivated present will be shipped up north or elsewhere to be processed and then shipped back to California. In addition, all the traveling that my food non only waste time but also is detrimental to the environment due to the pol lution caused by the vehicles that ship my food all around to be processed.Even though my food travels thousands of miles before it reaches me Professor Brad Werner made an interesting point in that we may never notice this process because of unexampled advancement in transportation and communication. The ability to easily receive my food is due to all the technology we have and having this ease of purchasing food is know as a low friction transaction. On the other hand, when it is difficult to purchase food due to varying factors this is known as a eminent friction transaction.Lastly Professor Jericho Burg demonstrated how the problems we face with food justice here in the states stretches far beyond our borders due to the excess food we intrust out to other countries in famine through food aid. Like many things good intentions sometimes have negative effects and there unavoidably to be a re-evaluation and reform on the system we currently use to help others including ourselves .

Coors Case

Using the Consumer Questionnaire Results, 62. 1% of consumers surveyed has consumed Coors in the past also 48. 8% liked or strongly liked Coors. We also learned in this questionnaire that 65. 2% bought their beer from supermarkets. From this consumer analysis, Larry could invest in Coors and make his main availability of product at supermarkets. According to the retail merchant Questionnaire Results, Coors has the same taste as Miller and Miller Lite, but it is more expensive than the other brands of beer sold.B. market Share Using the Table C The Market Share estimates for a five year span all stay at a constant 8. 7-8. 9%, with consideration there are all a select few brands that Coors is competing with this should not be a problem with growth in the future. C. Investment Total investment would include the inventory, equipment, warehouse, and land is estimated at $800,000. Larry could also use his trust fund if needed, $500,000 to start an Owners Equity Account. D. Cost (Fixed, Variable, Prices)Fixed Cost for Larrys new adventure would be $240,000 that includes salaries, equipment depreciation, warehouse depreciation, utilities / telephone, insurance, maintenance / janitorial and miscellaneous expenses. Variable cost would depend on the production level. As for Prices, it is perceived that Coors is high expenditured but if they were to lower the price to the price of Michelob, there could be an increase of sales. E. Go or No Go I would have to say Larry should go for Coors Distributorship.

Maya Lin a Strong Clear Vision Essay

This documentary was very moving I was amazed to learn that Maya Lins shape was picked from so many It is amazing that a board of representatives chose her design from all others. A twenty year old student had a vision that was so moving. Ive been to the record many times, and it has always brought me to tears. After see this documentary, I had the opportunity to go see it again. This time, it meant so much more to me having heard Lins explanations on how she conceptualized it. Maya Lin had been viewed as a young woman who hadnt served in the military, and as an Asian, the view became even more controversial.Various groups in the American public came forward to publicly debate whether Lins work adequately or appropriately memorialized the US citizens who had lost their lives in what was the approximately disastrous and unpopular war in US history. Groups such as military veterans groups, politicians as well as average citizens were making this memorial a very politically charged issue. The documentary shows Maya Lin very stoic, and stead-fast in her design. She was unwilling to redesign or give up on making this vision a reality. This speaks volumes of the type of woman Maya Lin is, even at such a young, tender age.It was as if she knew that this memorial must be made, and that the public needed this type of emotionally charged outlook The arguments against Lins design centered primarily on its form, and the simple demeanor the design presented the memorialization of the Vietnam vets. some(a) people were demanding statues. One particular representative argued that the blocks be a different color than black and that they be above ground. Some groups were arguing that by putting the memorial into the ground was like burying them, and not honoring them. Maya Lins presentation is based on the premise of twain presence and absence.Her design allows the viewer to be able to see themselves in the cavity, while able to read the names of those who will never be p hysically represented again. It is a basic memorialization in presentation, but in emotion, it has a very powerful effect. At one point during the film, Lin said that she knew that the entrap would make people cry, and that was the point. The rest of the documentary deals with Lins post-Vietnam recital career. Although her work portrayed in the film is very interesting, and important, it does lack the impact of the first sequence. The Vietnam Veterans Memorial was such a monumental event in US history.Before the memorial, the Vietnam War had been dealt with primarily in film, poetry, and fiction. Now, it was inscribed in Americas most historically documented site, the National Mall. For me, I think that this speaks volumes of the artist herself. The simplicity of the design rend so much emotion and charge, from a soft talk 20 year old Yale student, who since then, had not strived for notoriety, but for her art to belong to everyone. She has used this representation again with the etched words, dates and names in the polished stone she created for the Civil Rights Memorial and Womens Table at Yale.In the film, she is portrayed as a humane artist, creating humane spaces for both the living and the dead. I am a veteran of two wars. I have served my country in both Afghanistan as well as Iraq. Of course, I have very individualised ties to the feelings of misunderstanding and non-appreciation. Most veterans dont ask for notoriety, a parade, or even a statue. What we do ask for is that our brothers and sisters that were not able to come home office are memorialized and remembered properly. Not pomp and circumstance, but in subtle context. I appreciate the work of Maya Lin and think she represented that perfectly

Mobile Knowledge Management: Systems and Policies

The terms familiarity and acquaintance vigilance atomic number 18 such broad topics that there have no common definitions. knowledge is something that is believed and reliable, as distinguished from information which is a set of data arranged in meaningful patterns. Knowledge is information combined with experience, and reflection, integrating thinking and feeling.Knowledge management refers to a set of practices to capture and disseminate know-how among organizations around the world (Denning, 1998) for re determination, learning and creating aw areness across organizations (Wikipedia) . It is easier and faster to transfer information than knowledge from one unmarried to another.(Denning, 1998). Among the benefits of knowledge management practices are increased ability to capture knowledge from outside organization and integrate knowledge from departments within the organization improved skills and knowledge of workers increased ability to adapt services to clients define and provide new services to clients improved worker efficiency and productivity alleviated the impacts of worker departures (Pratt, 2006).Knowledge management particularly semantic meshing documents has been applied in integrating ecoinformatics resources and environmental data (Parr, et al., 2006). This was done using the tool ELVIS (Eco organisation Location visualisation and Information System) to construct food webs (Parr, et al., 2006). Other applications were in data warehousing of student data in higher education (Palmer, 2006) and knowledge management image team-based engineering (Reiner, 2006). The latter demonstrated the use of design history as a source of insight for team design process. It proposed a specimening modeling for collaborative and distributed knowledge management for design teams (Reiner, 2006)Advances in calculator and information technologies have greatly enhanced knowledge management. Palmer (2006) employed e-mail and the web to tucker out participant s to access a questionnaire on improving data quality in a data warehousing in a higher education consideration . The use of metadata and end- user involvement were positively correlated with obtaining high-quality data in data warehousing.Today, mobility and transportability are the emerging as important considerations for sharing information and knowledge. With mobile phones and hand-held computers using wireless technologies, people are no longer tied down to work in a physical office with rigid working(a) hours but can do things in the comfort of their homes or elsewhere in a virtual office.With the ease of sharing knowledge, abuses and infringement of intellectual properties were similarly made easier. Regulations within the organization and the national government in general are needed to safeguard the companies against these potential abuses. Policies are also needed for protection and privacy and can determine the success or failure of a web service (Bonatti, et al. 200 6).Roman et al. (2006) proposed a combined WSMO ( wind vane aid Modeling Ontology) and WS-policy poser consisting of a set of specifications with heavy industrial backing. This cloth combines a conceptual model (Web Service Modeling Ontology), a formal syntax and language (Web Service Modeling Language) and an execution environment (Web Service Execution Environment) (Roman et al., 2006).2. Complete Problem Statement and GoalThe trend in knowledge management is headed towards the same program line as mobile entertainment. Entertainment equipment has gone down to the size of the i-pod and portability of the DVD complete with small screens and sound system. Although some of the features of the big system are hands down packed into the miniature system, there allow for always be a trade-off between the capabilities of the big system and the portable small system.This proposed research bequeathing look at the plight of the small system, the size of the mobile phone or hand-held computers that rely on wireless technology. The goals are to optimize its use for the different knowledge management processes, and identify policies to safeguard its misuse especially the threat on knowledge security of the organization. The goals testament be measured in terms of the number of process that the handheld kinks can handle compare with the host computer, number of times communications dislocation and their causes, frequency of security breakdown finished the use of the mobile devices.Research questionTo what extent will mobile systems, the size of mobile phones and hand-held calculators, be utilized in knowledge management?HypothesesDownsizing/outsourcing will be the trend in business which will require mobile systems for communication and knowledge management. Mobile systems will bring more sophisticated and powerful to be able to perform tasks that are currently done by bigger systems. Security systems of caller knowledge (data) will evolve along with the deve lopment of mobile systems 3. Relevance and significanceMore and more companies continue to invest in wireless e-mail, personal productivity applications, inventory management and sales automation. More than half of 250 IT executives surveyed in October 2003 recognize the importance of wireless technologies in their organizations overall goals and improve user gladness (Ware, 2004). Most common wireless devices implicate a combination of mobile phones (with or without web browsers/email), laptop computers with wireless modem and PDAs with wireless connectivity and bag PCs (Ware, 2004).Among the different wireless applications that companies will continue to support in the future, email access tops the list followed by calendar/scheduling, web access, personal productivity (word processing, spreadsheets, presentation softwares), text messaging, real time inventory management, factory floor, transactions, global positioning system (GPS), human resources, finance/accounting, decisi on support, CRM, sales automation, wireless e-commerce, and procurement (Ware, 2004).Overall 60% of those surveyed were positive that their wireless investment already paid for itself (Ware, 2004). The greatest benefits came from increased productivity, streamlined processes/greater efficiencies and improved user satisfaction (Ware, 2004). The challenges to wireless technologies are security, user support, privacy and budget restrictions (Ware, 2004).Downsizing can cut down the cost of doing knowledge management. Downsizing can be done through physical reduction in the size of the hardware (equipment), software that can be run on a hand-held computer or mobile phone set, or a networking system whereby the host computer does the data analysis and the final results downloadable to the mobile phones. Government and company policies are needed to safeguard against misuse, industrial espionage and other information security issues.4. ApproachFor Hypothesis No. 1This will be a time seria l analysis, with historic period as in babelike variable, and numbers of companies undergoing downsizing/outsourcing and mobile devices as dependent variables.A survey will be done on the profit and from published news reports such as CIO Reports regarding number of businesses which had undergone downsizing or outsourcing of their operations, during the past decade. This will be correlated with the number of mobile devices used by different companies during the same period. The time serial plot of the data will show the trends in downsizing and/or outsourcing and number of mobile devices through the years. The years will be the independent variable while the number of companies and mobile devices will be the dependent variables. A correlation between the two dependent variables will be made. A significant positive correlation and increasing trends in the graphs will support Hypothesis No.1.For Hypotheses No. 2 and 3This require will identify two companies of different sizes (larg e and small in terms of facilities, number of cater, type and volume of business) that have a host computer, a topical anesthetic area network (either wired or WIFI) and broadband cyberspace access, and staff who have their own or office-issued hand-held computers or mobile phones with wireless internet capabilities through the years.Questionnaires will be prepared and key management officers and office staff will be interviewed. Information to be gathered will include the company profile, the knowledge management system in place including softwares and consulting firms, knowledge management applications most frequently used, access security levels issued to different classes of office staff.The staff will be asked to enumerate the processes they could do or would want to do using their mobile units, from simple text messaging to internet browsing that care in the overall decision-making process in the company.The capabilities of their host computer will be tabulated side by sid e with the capabilities of their most common mobile device (brand, model, year acquired). Capabilities will be measured in terms of available memory and the number of tasks the device is capable of performing. This is again a time series data with year as independent variable and the number of features or tasks performed by the host computer and the mobile systems will be the dependent variables. If possibility no. 2 is correct we would expect an increasing number of tasks that can be performed by the mobile system.For hypothesis No. 3, the dependent variable will the frequency of data security breakdowns and the independent variable will the years the company has been in operation. Another indicator will be the number of regulations formulate to curb security problems (dependent variable) through the years. Company management will be asked regarding existing company policies, code of ethics, data security and standard operational procedures through the years from the time the com pany was established.They will be asked how frequent did they suffer breakdown in data security through their mobile devices through the years. They will also be asked to comment on the ideal design for their computer hardwares and softwares and features for the mobile equipment. They will also be asked to comment of what kinds of government support and regulations are needed to curb piracy and infringement of their intellectual properties.This research will need the following resources interviewers to interview at least three key company officers, two staff per office department (e.g. human resources, procurement, marketing, operations, etc.) a knowledge management or IT specialist to evaluate knowledge management software system and how the ordinary staff can access to it using their mobile equipment.ReferencesBonatti, P.A., Ding, L., Finin, T. and Olmedilla, D. 2006. Proceedings of the 2nd supranational Semantic Web Policy Workshop (SWPW06). 5th International Semantic Web Confer ence (ISWC). Athens, Georgia, USA. Nov. 5, 2006.Denning, S. What is knowledge management? Background paper to the World Development Report 1998. from Palmer, H. 2006. A data warehouse methodology and model for student data in higher education. PhD dissertation. Nova Southeastern University. UMI Number 3218332. 202pp. Parr, C.S., Parafiynyk, A., Sachs, J., Pan, R., Han, L., Ding, L., Finin, T., Wang, D. 2006. Using the semantic web to integrate ecoinformatics resources. American Association for Artficial Intelligence (www.aaai.org). Reiner, K.A. 2006. A framework for knowledge capture and a study of development metrics in collaborative engineering design. PhD Dissertation. Stanford University. UMI Microform 3219361. 258 p. Roman, D., Kopecky, J., Toma, I. and Fensel, D. 2006. Aligning WSMO and WS-Policy. Proceedings of the 2nd International Semantic Web Policy Workshop (SWPW06). 5th International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC). Athens, Georgia, USA. Nov. 5, 2006. Ware, L.C. 2004. The payoff of wireless IT investments. CIO Research Reports. FromWikipedia. Knowledge management. Fromhttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_management

Campbell Company of Canada: Plant Tour Assignment

GMS 401 Plant snag Assignment Campbell Company of Canada pic Date March 12th, 2012 Ryerson University Executive Summary As students of Operations Management, we were charged with see a manufacturing or value facility and to present and report on our observations. Since all of the members of our grouping score either counterfeited in or visited a service facility, we were excited with the probability to visit a manufacturing plant as part of this project.A few emails and phone calls later, we had organized a tour of The Campbell Company of Canadas manufacturing facility, in Etobicoke. As a result of our tour, we atomic number 18 able to report on the following break elements ? Company profile ? Details of the manufacturing process ? Plant layout ? history control systems in place ? Quality assurance techniques ? Maintenance practices ? Ergonomics on the assembly line What they do well The tour was an invaluable track for us to accept about and see first-hand the challenges faced by the modern day manufacturing plant.Work crews have been divided into teams motivated to seek improvements in the manufacturing process and the workers are non-unionized. With a routine output of approximately 1. 5 million units, its key that the plant minimizes downtime. As much(prenominal), Campbells has transitioned over the years from reactive caution to preventive maintenance, and follows prognostic maintenance as a best practice. Productivity and workplace safety have increased with the automation of processes in every area. wipe out inventory systems have improved operations in supply chain management.In addition, Campbells has done well incorporating ergonomic lessons into all of its training sessions. Theyve also recognise that a wakeless workforce consistently performs at high levels, and they have made a point to provide employees with amenities which focalize on health and well-being. Recommendations for Improvement patronage the strides made with emp loying predictive maintenance techniques, onsite technicians arent fully trained to deal with problematic equipment and thus Campbells is regularly bringing in external military unit to fix this.Since replacing the equipment isnt a cost effective option, training onsite technicians to better address problems on this machinery when they occur could help squeeze the downtime on the line. The scourge of production bottlenecks may also be diverted by more general purpose equipment in the packaging area to patch up sized containers. Our group felt there is an opportunity to improve the comfort, health and motivation of employees by improving ventilation in the packaging area. Table of table of contents Executive Summary1Section 1 Company compose3 appurtenance A Floor Plan . . 4 Appendix B Thank You Letter .. 5 Section 1 Company Profile Campbell Soup Company (referred throughout this report as Campbells), a multi-national corporation headquartered in New Jersey, USA, has been del ivering products with an exceptional taste and nutrition experience for over 140 years. Founded in 1869 by Joseph A. Campbell and Abraham Anderson, the company has grown into a global manufacturer and marketer of high-quality onvenience-branded food products with a particular focus on transcribed tomatoes and vegetables, jellies, dope ups, condiments and minced meats (Campbell Company of Canada, 2012). Over the last century Campbells has developed into the leading house-hold brand name, not only domestically in northerly America, but globally. At present, Campbell Soup Company is the number one maker of soups in the world and dominates its domestic markets of North America with a market dispense of 69 percent (Forbes Canada, 2011).In addition, Campbells Company of Canada represents a 60 percent global market share of the $4 billion soup market (Wikinvest, 2010). The hale goodness of Campbells products entered the Canadian markets on November 28, 1930 where a manufacturing pla nt was opened up in Toronto, Canada (Funding Universe, 2012). Hired locally from the Toronto area, many generations of families have since contributed to Campbells abundant success in spite of appearance the soup industry (Funding Universe, 2012).Of the many products offered by the Campbell Soup Company, this report focuses on the soup production and manufacturing operation of Toronto-based Campbell Company of Canada (also referred to Campbells throughout this report). Being the bushel provider of Campbell products to the entire Canadian market, Campbell Company of Canada runs production 5 days a week on 20 hour work cycles. Conveniently set just north of Lake Ontario, the Campbell Company of Canada plant encompasses 550,000 square feet of property with 500,000 sq. ft designated for the actual plant and 50,000 sq. t for administrative offices. This plant employs 580 rung members, 430 of whom work deep down the physical plant, with the remaining 150 working in the offices. To g et a better feel of the plants functionalities our group meshed in a plant-tour led by Mr. Gord Kirk, who is a Senior Manufacturing Engineer at Campbell Company of Canada. The Toronto-based plant produces a variety of canned aseptic soup & sauces. Of the aseptic soups, 5 types are primarily produced Vegetable, Tomato, Chicken Noodle, Cream of Mushroom and Beef Broth. According to Mr. Kirk, roughly 1. million products are produced at this plant separately day. These products are wherefore shipped to third party retail food chains, mass discounters, mass merchandisers, club stores, convenience stores, drug stores and other retail, commercial and non-commercial establishments (Wikinvest, 2010). Currently, Campbell Company of Canadas largest retail customer is Wal-Mart Inc. , which contributed to approximately 18 percent of the companys consolidated net sales during the 2010 fiscal year and 16 percent in both 2009 and 2008 (Wikinvest, 2010). Appendix A Plant Layout picAppendix B Tha nk-You Letter Monday, March 12th, 2012 Attention Ms. Bertha Walls and Mr. Gord Kirk On behalf of my team, GMS 401 Operations Management, I would like to take the opportunity to behave my sincere gratitude for assisting us with our team project. Each team member contacted numerous companies in order to arrange a plant tour of the facilities, but the policies of these firms nix tours due to health and safety concerns. We were quite fortunate to have stumbled upon Campbells as a tour option and were delighted when an opening became available. Ms.Walls, from the initial recollect conversation through the two weeks leading up to the day of the tour, you were extremely receptive and helpful. In addition to booking our tour promptly and providing us with distinguished details such as plant regulations and safety codes you took the initiative to provide us with a layout scheme of the Campbells plant and a framework of questions and answers which related to directly to the key topics of our report. Ms. Walls, my team and I are very thankful for everything you did for us. Your professionalism, knowledge and kindness were phenomenal. Sincerely, Operations Management Team Ryerson UniversityCampbell Company of Canada Plant Tour AssignmentGMS 401 Plant Tour Assignment Campbell Company of Canada pic Date March 12th, 2012 Ryerson University Executive Summary As students of Operations Management, we were charged with visiting a manufacturing or service facility and to present and report on our observations. Since all of the members of our group have either worked in or visited a service facility, we were excited with the opportunity to visit a manufacturing plant as part of this project.A few emails and phone calls later, we had organized a tour of The Campbell Company of Canadas manufacturing facility, in Etobicoke. As a result of our tour, we are able to report on the following key elements ? Company profile ? Details of the manufacturing process ? Plant layout ? Invent ory control systems in place ? Quality assurance techniques ? Maintenance practices ? Ergonomics on the assembly line What they do well The tour was an invaluable way for us to learn about and see first-hand the challenges faced by the modern day manufacturing plant.Work crews have been divided into teams motivated to seek improvements in the manufacturing process and the workers are non-unionized. With a daily output of approximately 1. 5 million units, its key that the plant minimizes downtime. As such, Campbells has transitioned over the years from reactive maintenance to preventive maintenance, and follows predictive maintenance as a best practice. Productivity and workplace safety have increased with the automation of processes in every area. SAP inventory systems have improved operations in supply chain management.In addition, Campbells has done well incorporating ergonomic lessons into all of its training sessions. Theyve also recognized that a healthy workforce consistently performs at high levels, and they have made a point to provide employees with amenities which focus on health and well-being. Recommendations for Improvement Despite the strides made with employing predictive maintenance techniques, onsite technicians arent fully trained to deal with problematic equipment and thus Campbells is regularly bringing in external personnel to fix this.Since replacing the equipment isnt a cost effective option, training onsite technicians to better address problems on this machinery when they occur could help reduce the downtime on the line. The threat of production bottlenecks may also be diverted by more general purpose equipment in the packaging area to accommodate sized containers. Our group felt there is an opportunity to improve the comfort, health and motivation of employees by improving ventilation in the packaging area. Table of Contents Executive Summary1Section 1 Company Profile3 Appendix A Floor Plan . . 4 Appendix B Thank You Letter .. 5 Sec tion 1 Company Profile Campbell Soup Company (referred throughout this report as Campbells), a multi-national corporation headquartered in New Jersey, USA, has been delivering products with an exceptional taste and food experience for over 140 years. Founded in 1869 by Joseph A. Campbell and Abraham Anderson, the company has grown into a global manufacturer and marketer of high-quality onvenience-branded food products with a particular focus on canned tomatoes and vegetables, jellies, soups, condiments and minced meats (Campbell Company of Canada, 2012). Over the last century Campbells has developed into the leading house-hold brand name, not only domestically in North America, but globally. At present, Campbell Soup Company is the number one maker of soups in the world and dominates its domestic markets of North America with a market share of 69 percent (Forbes Canada, 2011).In addition, Campbells Company of Canada represents a 60 percent global market share of the $4 billion soup market (Wikinvest, 2010). The wholesome goodness of Campbells products entered the Canadian markets on November 28, 1930 where a manufacturing plant was opened up in Toronto, Canada (Funding Universe, 2012). Hired locally from the Toronto area, many generations of families have since contributed to Campbells immense success within the soup industry (Funding Universe, 2012).Of the many products offered by the Campbell Soup Company, this report focuses on the soup production and manufacturing operation of Toronto-based Campbell Company of Canada (also referred to Campbells throughout this report). Being the sole provider of Campbell products to the entire Canadian market, Campbell Company of Canada runs production 5 days a week on 20 hour work cycles. Conveniently located just north of Lake Ontario, the Campbell Company of Canada plant encompasses 550,000 square feet of property with 500,000 sq. ft designated for the actual plant and 50,000 sq. t for administrative offices. This plant employs 580 staff members, 430 of whom work within the physical plant, with the remaining 150 working in the offices. To get a better feel of the plants functionalities our group engaged in a plant-tour led by Mr. Gord Kirk, who is a Senior Manufacturing Engineer at Campbell Company of Canada. The Toronto-based plant produces a variety of canned aseptic soup & sauces. Of the aseptic soups, 5 types are primarily produced Vegetable, Tomato, Chicken Noodle, Cream of Mushroom and Beef Broth. According to Mr. Kirk, roughly 1. million products are produced at this plant each day. These products are then shipped to third party retail food chains, mass discounters, mass merchandisers, club stores, convenience stores, drug stores and other retail, commercial and non-commercial establishments (Wikinvest, 2010). Currently, Campbell Company of Canadas largest retail customer is Wal-Mart Inc. , which contributed to approximately 18 percent of the companys consolidated net sales during the 2010 fiscal year and 16 percent in both 2009 and 2008 (Wikinvest, 2010). Appendix A Plant Layout picAppendix B Thank-You Letter Monday, March 12th, 2012 Attention Ms. Bertha Walls and Mr. Gord Kirk On behalf of my team, GMS 401 Operations Management, I would like to take the opportunity to express my sincere gratitude for assisting us with our team project. Each team member contacted numerous companies in order to arrange a plant tour of the facilities, but the policies of these firms prohibited tours due to health and safety concerns. We were quite fortunate to have stumbled upon Campbells as a tour option and were delighted when an opening became available. Ms.Walls, from the initial telephone conversation through the two weeks leading up to the day of the tour, you were extremely receptive and helpful. In addition to booking our tour promptly and providing us with important details such as plant regulations and safety codes you took the initiative to provide us with a layout scheme of the Campbells plant and a framework of questions and answers which related directly to the key topics of our report. Ms. Walls, my team and I are very thankful for everything you did for us. Your professionalism, knowledge and kindness were phenomenal. Sincerely, Operations Management Team Ryerson University

The Importance of Color and Balance in the Work of Nolde

Color was tremendously important to the artist Emil Nolde and Henri Matisse. They white plagued color to achieve balance, vividness, and brilliance. Both men were born in the 18 sixties and died in the nineteen fifties, therefore they were painting during the same time period. They were European with Nolde being from Germany and Matisse from France. They sh atomic number 18d an extraordinary use of color.Emil Nolde painted the famous fluid life Tulips using bright vivid color choices. It is a watercolor on paper yet the colors almost have the same erudition as oils. The background in Tulips is a range of light and dark shades of violet. The darkness is achieved by the amount of blue in the violet. The actual flowers are deep shades of red, orange, scandalmongering, and white.They are very detailed in shape and form. Matisse painted the still life Tulips and Oysters on Black Background. These two artists used equal colors in their work, but the works were different. Matisse uses a deep brownish red instead of black as the title suggested for the background. Like Nolde, he uses spirited shades of red, orange, yellow and white which create the same warm tone as Noldes. However, Tulips and Oysters on Black Background is not as defined and has more than objects like a table and oysters along with the tulips.The focal point of each painting is the tulips. In Tulips by Nolde, he uses colors that are analogues to achieve the estrus of the flowers that are a symbol of spring and warmer weather. Matisse also uses red in the color of the tulips even though he uses more white than Nolde. His use of analogues are placed on the table. He uses the red table, yellow lemons, and the deeper shade of red in the tulips to create the same warmth that Nolde does.Both Nolde and Matisse use complimentary colors as well to achieve balance. They both use green in the leaves and stems to compliment the red in the tulips. In Tulips by Nolde, orange is complimented by the shades of blue in the background. Tulips and Oysters on Black Background by Matisse uses the blue in the vase to compliment the orange red of the table. Nolde adds a random yellow tulip at the base of his arrangement so that the violet of the background will be complimented While the violet rims of the oysters compliment the vibrant yellow lemons on the table.ReferencesDelahunt, M. (1996-2008). Artlex. Retrieved April 9, 2008 from http//www.artlex.comMatisse, H. (1943-44). Tulips and Oysters on Black BackgroundNolde, E. (1930). Tulips

Nike Marketing Objectives

Nikes marketing objective is to lock a range of marketing communication tactics that mint cater to the organizations take aim market, who have different nationalities, genders, cultures, and ages. To enable this, Nike introduces its latest products through a marketing communication group that can strengthen the positioning of, and key messages about, the Nike brand, through different forms of visual aids and point-of-purchase advertising. In connection to this, Nike interminably aims to apply marketing tactics that atomic number 18 appropriate with the people who reside in these continents or nations.For example, off from traditional advertising in the form of television, billboards, and the exchangeable, Nike also makes use of contemporary marketing instruments such as the internet, wherein people in almost any part of the world could access various sites to customize Nike lieu and products. Moreover, Nike applies an effective marketing communication and at the same time sti ll relatively manages to be cost-effective in terms of its marketing programs.Although Nikes marketing expenses may seem excessive, they employ internationally recognised celebrity athletes they overflow retail networks with promotions of products and other giveaways. According to Knight and Greenberg (2002, pg 548), the integration of endorsements and sponsorships enables Nike to represent itself as a socially concerned actor promoting sport as a solution to social problems. The companys campaign theme is JUST DO IT. The Campaign bequeath target men and woman and curiously those in the basketball scene that are of 14 to 30 years of age. Nike sprint shoes are not only good shoes to wear but are strong, durable and comfortable, this way, the company will convince them to take action. The campaign will also exist as billboards through celebrity endorsements like Michael Jordan and James Lebron. The Company will also use electronic media (commercials, official website of Nike and new spapers) to promote the brand), (Marketing Plan of Nike,2011)

Great Gatsby and Socio-Economical World of America Essay

The keen Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald is not just a novel rather it is the representation of an era. The story is virtually the moral decay that arouses in the Ameri set up party in 1920s. It also indicates the picture of the American dream protrudeting corrupted by lust, greed and forsake pursuit of sport. In early(a) words it was the collision of subcultures. The wealthy and elite family found pleasure by throwing decadent parties and playing wild jazz music. On the other hand, the member of middle class was seduced by the dabbler lifestyle of the rich.Jay Gatsby was somewhat a mysterious whizz as masses k in the raw real little ab go forth his personal life. We finally begin that Gatsby was knotty in criminal activities to win his love Daisys attention. On the surface, The Great Gatsby is a story of unrequited love. The novel is based on the themes of love, revenge, lust for money and the suicide. But a careful analysis of the novel reveals that its major theme enc ompasses a lots larger, less romantic scope.Through this novel, Fitzgerald has attempt to portray a real picture of American order of 1920s. The story is set in the populatehood of Long Island, New York. In this novel, we also find a reflection of disintegration of American dream which was somewhat moral values and pursuit of success. The idea of American dream emerged in the Colonial period and it was based on the perception that success can be achieved by any individual, no matter what social position he possesses. What matters is his personal skills, hard resolve and efforts.A prototypical 1920s man has been described by the author Roland Marchand in his book in the following words Not only did he flourish in the fast-paced, modern urban surroundings of skyscrapers, taxicabs, and pleasure- natterking crowds, provided he proclaimed himself an expert on the latest crazes in fashion, contemporary lingo, and popular pastimes. We find that Marchands definition is quite similar to the characters of Fitzgeralds novel, The Great Gatsby. Fitzgerald has presented the era of 1920s as the one in which social and moral values were weak and a moral decay ensued in American inn.It was, in fact, an era which was marked by reckless pursuit of pleasure, amoral quest for money and certain lewd desires. The protagonist of this novel, Jay Gatsby is a wealthy, mysterious man residing in a Gothic mansion in westernmost Egg. He is ardent of throwing lavish parties every Saturday night. The sole purpose behind these ostentatious parties was the gaudy appearance of wealth. Most of the populate who joined those parties, even didnt know anything about Gatsby.They just wanted to be the part of such lavish parties so they could enjoy expensive wines and loud jazz music on with delicious foods. It is important to mention present that the passage of the Eighteenth Amendment in 1919, which banned the sale of alcohol, created a booming underworld designed to satisfy the huge demand for bootleg liquor among rich and lamentable a comparable. In that period, people started to exploit fortunes through and through the illegal business of liquor. Such a business make people rich overnight and sour them into millionaires.Besides, the World War I ended in 1918, and the new(a) Americans, who had fought in the war, became highly disillusioned as the butcheries and the brutalities which they had witnessed in the war made their ideas about Victorian righteousness quite vague and blurred. Another aspect of that incident era was the sudden rise of stock market place that resulted in the increase in national wealth and indeed the phenomenon of materialism emerged. People started spending their newfound money in getting luxuries of life and they felt satiated by the gaudy display of their wealth.The fibber of the novel, dent Carraway is a schoolgirlish man who has studied in Yale and then moves to New York. He fashions the neighbor of Jay Gatsby, who is fam ous for his opulent parties and extends in a sniffy Gothic mansion as described by Nick, It was the factual imitation of some Hotel de Ville in Normandy, with a tower on one side, spanking new under a thin beard of raw ivy, and a marble swimming pool and more than fifty acres of lawn and garden. (pg 4) Gradually they became friends and later on, Nick finds out that Gatsby has gathered his wealth through criminal activities.Gatsby tries to become the part of formal aristocracy by attaining material wealth including a grand mansion, several servants and many automobiles. But he still wants the reassurance that whether all his efforts of money making have the sought afterwards impression or not. As on one occasion, he says to Nick, My house looks well, doesnt it? He demanded. canvass how the whole front of it catches the light. (pg68). As Scott Donaldson mentions in his article, The culture of consumption on exhibit in The Great Gatsby was made possible by the growth of a leis ure time class in early-twentieth-century America.As the ovel demonstrates, this victimization subverted the foundations of the Protestant ethic, replacing the values of hard work and thrifty abstinence with a show of lavishness and idleness. It center that the phenomenon of becoming rich overnight and acquiring sudden wealth made the Americans idle and thus the once appreciated values of hard work and self reliance were replaced by the newly emerged trends of leisure and the pursuit of pleasure. This is why, untold emphasis has been laid on the corruption of American dream as it was about hard work and personal efforts but it vanished gradually with the newly found wealth.Jay Gatsby madly loves a delightful damsel, Daisy Buchanan who is an East Egger. She is Nicks cousin likewise. Here, it is important to keep in mind that the West Egg, where Gatsby and Nick live is a home to newly rich people. On the other hand, East Egg represents the formal aristocracy. Gatsby wanted to win Daisys love also because she belonged to the established aristocracy and having her at his side would make him acceptable to that particular part of society. As Ray E. Canterbery states in his article, Jay Gatsby wants to live with Daisy Buchanan because she is a member of the established American aristocracy of wealth.Gatsby lacks the maturity to realize that Daisy cannot be obtained by money alone and in a vulgar display of conspicuous consumption, he flaunts his nouveau wealth. While reading the novel, one clearly finds out that the particular era mentioned in the book was marked by boundless greed, self satisfaction, infidelity and selfishness. Daisys husband, tom turkey Buchanan has an affair with a woman named myrtle, whose husband is very poor and owns a worn out garage. tomcat claims that he is in love with Myrtle but it was in fact, anything but love.On one occasion, we see that he treats his mistress very inhumanely as is mentioned in the novel Some time toward midni ght tom turkey Buchanan and Mrs. Wilson stood face to face discussing, in impassioned voices, whether Mrs. Wilson had any right to mention Daisys name. Daisy Daisy Daisy shouted Mrs. Wilson. Ill say it whenever I want to Daisy Daisy Making a short deft movement, Tom Buchanan skint her snuggle with his open hand. (pg27) As it is mentioned earlier that East and West Egg were different from each other in terms of their habitants, their ways of living.Their architecture and their tastes were also quite different from each other as the East Eggers were more refined and cultured whereas West Egg was the home of somewhat pretentious, gaudy people. Gatsby, himself was fond of throwing lavish parties as described in the book On weekends his (Gatsbys) Rolls-Royce became an omnibus, bearing parties to and from the city between order in the morning and long past midnight. Every Friday crates of oranges and lemons arrived from a fruitier in New York every Monday these alike(p) oranges and le mons left his keisterdoor in a pyramid of pulp less halves.On buffet tables, garnished with glistening hors-doeuvre, spiced bake hams crowded against salads of harlequin designs and pastry pigs and turkeys bewitched to a dark gold. (pg29) In order to become acceptable for the East Eggers or the established ones, Gatsby wears flamboyant dresses and has a collection of several big, huge cars. On one occasion, Tom makes fun of Gatsbys car by crabing it a Circus chute-the-chute. But one thing was common among both (West and East Eggers) of them. They were lustful and pretentious. Jay Gatsby was, however, different in a sense that he truly loved Daisy.He waited for her five long years and didnt swallow her for even a single moment. He bought a mansion in West Egg so that Daisy could know about him as his opulent parties bore quite fame. When he met Daisy, he became very apt and contended but he also wanted her to leave Tom Buchanan for good. He waited whole night outdoors Daisys w indow, just to make sure that Tom wouldnt hurt her. He loved her so deeply and profoundly that when Daisy mis make fullnly murdered Myrtle by crushing her under the car, Gatsby was ready to take this as his own mistake.As we see that when Nick inquires Gatsby about this incident he said, Well, I tried to swing the wheel He broke off, and suddenly I (Nick) guessed the truth. Was Daisy driving? Yes, He said after a moment, but of course Ill say I was. (pg110) On the other hand, we find that Daisy, notwithstanding Gatsbys love and care, is still confused and double minded. She doesnt want to leave Tom Buchanan, nor could she live without her new found -once - muzzy -love. She, before her husband, admits that she doesnt love him but after sometime, changes her mind.Oh, you want too much she cried to Gatsby. I love you now isnt that enough? I cant help whats past. She began to sob helplessly. I did love him once but I loved you too. (pg101) On the same occasion, she said, exhibit alone I cant say that I never loved Tom, she admitted in a pitiful voice. It wouldnt be true. (pg102) Thus it is clear that Daisy is absolutely indecisive as she couldnt purpose that whom she wants to live with. Besides, she cared very little about Gatsbys feeling and didnt give him the love he deserved.Daisys selfishness is also shown on another occasion when on Gatsbys arrival, she treats her own daughter Pammy in such a manner that clearly lacks the love and warmth of a bewilder. As mentioned in the novel, The child, resign by the fellate, rushed across the room and rooted shyly into her mothers dress. This shows that the little female child was reluctant to go to her mother as she was not aware of a mothers affection. Gatsby had never really known of the existence of Daisys child, as Daisy was probably afraid to tell him about her. by and by he kept looking at the child in surprise.Daisy uses the child as a show item I got dressed before luncheon said the child, turning eagerly towards Daisy. Thats because your mother wanted to show you off replies Daisy. When the child speaks to Daisy, Daisy never answers or replies to her. She always changes the subject as if she doesnt even notice the childs presence. For example, when the girl comments Jordans dress, Daisy ignores her and asks her what she thinks about her friends Aunt Jordans got on a white dress too, said the child.How do you like mothers friends? Daisy turned her around so that she faced Gatsby. Do you think they are pretty? After this brief introduction, Daisy asks the nurse to take the child back. (pg89). This very careless nature of hers became the cause of her lovers pitiful death. twain Tom and Daisy were selfish, mean and careless as both of them became the cause of their lovers closing curtains. As mentioned in the novel, They were careless people Tom and Daisy. They smashed up things and creatures and then retreated back into their money or their vast disregard or whatever it was that kept them together and let other people clean up the repair they had made. (pg139).Interestingly, automobiles also have a significant part in the demise of many of the characters. The 1920s American culture was the one in which the phenomena of automobiles emerged. With the arrival of sudden wealth, people started to buy cars as they also became one of the status symbols. An American President said in 1925, We will root out poverty and identify two cars in every garage. Jay Gatsby also had five cars, one of which hits Myrtle and results in her unfortunate death. Myrtles death then leads to the death of poor Gatsby and her own husband, George.It is what OMeara calls as a death car. She writes, The automobile is a symbol that Fitzgerald uses to accomplish several different ends. After the death of Gatsby, Nick Carraway goes to Meyer Wolfsheim, the infamous gambler and swindler and tries to find out the actual origin of Gatsbys wealth. He asks him, Did you start him in b usiness? Wolfsheim replies Start him I made him, and continues I raised him up out of nothing, right out of the gutter. I saw right away he was a fine appearing gentlemanly young man and when he told me he was at Oggsford, I knew I could use him good.We were so thick like that in everything, he held up two bulbous fingers always together. (pg132) This conversation reveals that Gatsby was once a poor, unprivileged familiar spirit and despite all his attempts, he couldnt fit in with the old, established aristocracy. After the sad demise of Jay Gatsby, Nick tried to inform Gatsbys friends about his death but it was ironic that no close friend or relative came to attend the funeral. The man, who was always surrounded by different people and whose parties people desperately wanted to attend, was now all alone.Since he was of no use now, everybody left him and never looked back at the time they had spent with that poor, unlucky chap. At the same occasion, Nick Carraway received a call from one of Gatsbys friends. It was Mr. Klipspringer. When he told Nick, about himself, Nick felt a bit satisfied and legal opinion that at least there is someone who cares about Gatsby. The funerals tomorrow, I (Nick) said. Three oclock, here at the house. I wish youd tell anybody whod be interested. Oh, I will, he broke out hastily.Of course Im not likely to see anybody, but if I do. His tone made me suspicious. Of course youll be there yourself. Well, Ill certainly try. What I called up about was a pair of shoes I left there. I wonder if itd be too much trouble to have the butler send them on. You see, they are tennis shoes, and Im bearing of helpless without them. My address is care of B. F. I didnt hear rest of the name, because I hung up the receiver. (pg130, 131) This reveals that how selfish and mean those people were. They used to gather around Gatsby like the moths around a candle, but when that candle stopped spreading its light, all of them turned away.At funeral pro cession, Nick Carraway tries to remember the deceased person man and thought about his life for a while. This scene is very skillfully portrayed by Fitzgerald in the following words I tried to think about Gatsby then for a moment, but he was already too far away, and I could only remember, without resentment, that Daisy hadnt sent a content or a flower. Dimly I heard someone murmur, Blessed are the dead that the rainfall falls on, and then the owl eyed man said Amen to that, in a brave voice. We straggled bulge out quickly through the rain to the cars.Owl eyes spoke to me by the gate. I couldnt get to the house, he remarked. Neither could anybody else. Go on He started. Why, my God They used to go there by the hundreds. He took off the glasses and wiped them again, outside and in. The poor son- of -a -bitch, he said. (pg135) The story of The Great Gatsby spirals into tragedy as the book progresses with a succession of events love, revenge, murder and then suicide. There is a mo ral judgment involved in the process of reading such a story.Besides, Fitzgeralds work can be compared to that of the British author Thomas Hardy as he too dared to examine themes that Victorian society fleecy under the carpet namely sexual desire and obsession. Eventually, the materialism, empty pursuit of pleasure, big cars and grand mansions on with the Prohibition movement resulted in the emergence of class struggle among the rich and poor. Both of them started finding means of making money and didnt pay attention towards the fact that whether those means are justified or not. A new perception emerged, according to which money brings happiness.But this didnt happen in the reference of Gatsby. All of his money, earned through illegal means was fruitless as it couldnt bring Daisy close-set(prenominal) to him. We see that The Great Gatsby is the story of shattered dreams i. e. both American and Gatsbys dream. In Fitzgeralds point of view, the American dream was about individual ism, discovery and the pursuit of happiness. Whereas, Gatsbys dream was to get his long lost love back but unfortunately, both the dreams got shattered in the end. We can say that this novel is an write up of possibilities that can be generated through wealth and the irresponsibility that can ultimately ruin them.The story gives us a strong lesson that accumulation of wealth doesnt always mean the attainment of real happiness. specie and riches are necessary to live a good life, but they, of course, dont contract joy and success in life. The picture of American society drawn in The Great Gatsby can be compared to the present day American society. We can see that todays American society face the similar issues and suffers from the similar ailments e. g. materialism, desire of money and the hollow pursuit of pleasure.

Another Accolade for Charter Arms Corp by Mike Royko

Laurence Bourgeois A00161609 March 12th, 2013 abbreviation Essay In his strive Another honor for Charter Arms Corp. , Mike Royko localisees not on John Lennons death, hardly on the type of gun that was apply to kill him. He argues that the beat of a gun makes a great count of variety when killing someone. By ignoring the shooting of the celebrity, Royko uses sarcasm to show how idiotic the debate on the gun is. He commences his essay by asking the readers what difference does it make what kind of gun was apply? and answers by saying that it indeed makes a great deal of difference. At this point, we know the authors rhetorical strategy will consist on centering on anything but the death of the famous musician. As mentionned before, Royko uses a lot of irony in his essay as a way of showing the readers how ludicrous the gun debate really is. Per example, in the branch of his essay, Royko says And when people become emotional about guns, as many do when somebody famous is k illed, they tip to lump all guns together.They dont show proper respect for an excellent gun, such as the Charter . 38. By saying that this type of gun deserves respect, despite what it did to the famous superstar, the author is clearly assay to show no empathy for Lennon as a form of rhetorical strategy. Later on, he proceeds by saying Now the Charter Arms Corp. has the unique distinction of having two famous people cranny by one of their products, I wonder if they have considered using it in their advertising. Here, he takes his irony to another(prenominal) level by assuming the death of a celebrity should be something the company should be chivalrous of and that advertising it would lead the customers to purchase the weapon. Using irony for this type of subject was a brilliant idea, but in this essay, Royko uses too more than of it. Secondly, Mike Royko uses the model of the gun as an argument of his irony. He to a fault constantly talks about the importance of the quality of the weapon.Per example, he mentions the incident that happened on network TV, where a reporter from CBS says that the gun used to shoot George C. Wallace was a cheap handgun and goes on by explaining how this was instead an insult for Charter Arms Corp. The author also talks about the fact that both shooters, Bremer and Wallace used the same gun to wound their victim and that the weapon did a good job. In another prove of his irony, Royko adresses Charter Arms Corp by saying Once again, your product really did the job, gents. To conclude, Mike Roykos essay is initially an ironic piece of work written to make the readers realize that the main focus of a tragedy should be the victim, not minor details such as the weapon used to harm the person. In my opinion, this essay is a fine piece of work, but the author emphasizes too much on irony in a way that it shadows what the essay is actually about. Work Cited Royko, Mike. Another Accolade for Charter Arms Corp. The Broadview Anthol ogy. 2nd ed. Ed. Laura Buzzard, Peterborough Broadview, 2011. 221-4.

Women participation in US public Sector/Government

investigate on the male-female balance in numbers, power and opportunities in the government and public welkin has included some(prenominal) works and research that highlight the dwindling and adverse ratios in female/male working proportions, posture and conditions in the US over the decades, which is also observed as a world wide trend. This is in line with the traditional bias against the female worker that has characterized the world practice scenario for the last several long time. noted works that throw light in this regard are that of Mary E. laugh ats trinity Steps Forward, Two Steps Backward The Status of Womens Integration into Public Management (1993). Guy wrote, When tracing womens integration into public management, we see pattern of rapid progress in the nerve centre and late 1970s, followed by a period of quiescence in the mid-1980s. The late 1980 and early 1990s, until now, are exhibit enhanced progress again. Still, women occupy the pooh-pooh rungs on the agency ladders and men occupy the upper rungs, she wrote (Guy,1993. ) search and information collected in later years by 2 arious agencies such as the US Department of Labor, the Census Bureau, and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission turn over corroborated similar viewpoints. Table I below put rightly displays the trend of female/male composition in national employment. Table I Composition of national melt Force Ten-Year Trend Some Progress, Little Overall Change FY 1997 FY 20065 attain Force Participation Rate 2000 CLF FY 2006 FY 1997 % FY 2006 % manpower 1,487,030 58. 35 56. 94 53. 20 Women 1,124,463 41. 65 43. 06 46. 80 As compared to 1997 there is a minor increase in female employment from 41. 65% in 1997 to 43. 6% in 2006. The positions in which women work operate up a strong influence on their cyberspace, facilities and career result opportunities. Women in managerial positions have greater job flexibility as compared to those in lower service jobs. In some states and departments in the US, employment in managerial 3 positions varies by race and ethnicity, however more anti discriminatory policies may have been put in place. Amongst women, only 25% of managerial positions were occupied by American African women while white women held 41% of such positions. Overall, women earn 85. 5% of what men earn.A majority of women still continue to work in traditionally womens occupations. In this regard recently released Census data collected by the Institute for Womens Policy explore clearly indicated that workplace payment gap between women and men is gradually getting bad as compared to earlier times. Between 2003 and 2006 the median annual earnings for women workers in government reduced by 0. 6% at $ 35000 while that for men was almost unchanged at $ 44000. However the overall situation has alter since 1960, when the average American woman make 60 cents against every dollar earned by the American male. Presently the situation has im proved to a woman earning close 85 cents against a dollar earned by a man. It can be seen that status of women has improved in general and ill-temperedly in the federal government as also evedenced from census figures. Major contributors for this have been the gradual changes made in law, social and business practices. Moreover the US economy has grown more than five times since because whereby more 4 opportunities for women have been created. Jobs have also shifted from physical tasks to cognitive and calibre related functions frankincense opening wider avenues for women.Measured by 1960 standards the overall status of the American woman has improved considerably, but they have not got their due proportional share in as much as the economy has grown. In this context an additional observation is the fact that women and most minorities in the US as also in most parts of the world represent a higher(prenominal) percentage of employees at lower directs in any department or undertak ing of the government while being absolutely underrepresented at the higher end of the ladder, implying that a very small percentage of women make it to the top positions of the government and public sector undertakings.This is clearly evident from Table II 5 Table II Senior Pay direct Representation FY 1997 / FY 2006 Senior Pay Level Positions FY 1997 FY 2006 Number % of SPL Number % of SPL count SPL Work Force 15,381 20,070 Men 12,124 78. 83 14,814 73. 81 Women 3,257 21. 17 5,256 26. 19 It can be seen that in 1997 there were 21. 17% women occupying the elderberry bush positions while in 2006 the position improved marginally only to 26. 19% The federal official work crusade has for decades reflected patterns that show disproportionately high numbers of women in lower ranks in the public ector and government departments. likewise there is lot of disproportion in the number of women occupying higher positions. In 2005, only 6. 2% of federally utilize women were occupying positi ons ranked as upper middle management positions (General Schedule GS-13 and above). Comparitively male representation was as much as four times higher with 28% of all males employed in the upper level of GS-13 and above. 6 This is often referred to as the glass ceiling concept and has become an important tool to watch working environment particularly in the American working context.Significantly the Civil Rights Act of 1991 naturalized the Federal Glass Ceiling Commission which was entrusted the task of assessing the barriers that hindered the advancement of women to top ranking decision make positions. It also set into motion measures that would hinder such dissimilarity. Discrimination issues establish on gender have long been a subject of debate at various forums internationally and was strongly taken up in the Equal Pay Act of 1963 and in Civil Rights Act of 1964. However it was soon clear by the mid 1980s that although massive changes took place in the emographic, social, and legal aspects of the US society, such secretion on the basis of gender continued to exist.Hymowitz and Schellhardt used the term glass ceiling to describe this discrimination in 1986. The few women who managed to rise due to their calibre were also blocked by barriers of strongly engraft disrimination practices that continued to exist and they consequently could not break through the glass ceiling. 7 One particular aspect of gender disparity in lowering the status of women workers is the strong pattern in disparity of pay and benefits as figured from he data available from US Federal allowance data for positions primarily occupied by females. Figures available from the Department of Labor show that in 2005 the hourly earnings of women were only 76. 5% as compared to men. It is primarily for this reason that women have started to opt out of bureaucratic employment towards entrepreneurship and other part time work. Table III validates the findings of the federal government cen sus. Table III Federal Wage System (FWS) Representation FY 1997 / FY 2006 Federal Wage System (FWS) Positions FY 1997 FY 2006Number % of FWS Number % of FWS Total FWS Work Force 243,343 194,858 Men 217,573 89. 41 173,389 88. 98 Women 25,770 10. 59 21,469 11. 02 8 In the light of these stark revelations the Federal government has taken steps to remove the imbalance in gender employment by attempting to make equal opportunity a possibility for women. All government departments have been asked to devise a outline and adopt policies to remove the glass ceiling that has been pulling back women from rising higher in their careers and to face them with senior management and decision making positions.A strong measure for gender inequality is the salary levels that differentiate the positions occupied by males and females. Data proves that on an average males earn more than females in the federal government. The average salary for male managers in FY 2005 was $45,300 and for females, $35,3 00. Thus as an average female employees made about 84. 7% of the salary made by her male counterpart. Since Federal pay scales are never based on gender, they are obviously different due to lower ranks occupied by women. It is also clear that majority of the higher positions are occupied by men.Women occupy 1/3 rd positions below the GS-12 level and only 1/6th of positions above G-13 levels thus implying that majority of women are clustered in the lower echelons of the heirarchy. Table IV below illustrates the percentage details of high ranking women with various government agencies. 9 Significantly and in contrast it can be seen that women occupy 75% and 66. 67% of the top positions with the defence mechanism Security Service and Defense Human Resource Activity respectively. Table IV Ranking of Agencies with the Highest component of Women in Senior Pay Level Positions in FY 2006 (Agencies With 500 Or More Employees)Agency Total Work Force SPL Women in Senior Pay Level Positions % Defense Security Service 544 4 3 75. 00 Defense Human Resource Activity 880 12 8 66. 67 Corp. for National and fraternity Service 558 19 10 52. 63 Equal Employment Opportunity Commission 2,195 32 15 46. 88 Court Services and Offender Supervision Agency 1,140 12 5 41. 67 The years that followed 1991 brought significant changes in the American political landscape and in the entire federal work force. unsanded Presidents brought new concepts and practices regarding women in high positions.Secretary of State Madeleine Albright and Condoleezza Rice as also Attorne General Janet Reno became the pioneering and flop women to hold cabinet positions, and other appointees like Donna Shalala as Secretary of Health and Human Services, Alice Rivlin at the note of Management and Budget, and Sheila Widnall as Secretary of the Air Force caused one dignitary to comment that when senior rung members meet at White House 11 meetings half the attendees are usually women. This is however implaus ible and isolated compared to the large array of discriminatory evidence available.

Research about Life

The trip was known in advance only to a few and non announced to the public until the president had left field Baghdad alarm space he was attach to by only a few select reporters and a small official entour develop. The month terminate with a spate of violence, much of it aimed at non-American foreigners. Seven Spanish intelligence officers died south of Baghdad Novo. 9 when their Subs were attacked by rocket- propelled grenades and a rifle fire. Separate attacks the same twenty-four hour period also killed 2 Japanese diplomats and a Colombian OLL worker, and 2 South Korean contractors were killed in ambush Novo. 30. For all of November, guerrillas killed 104 coalition troops, Including 79 Americans. When they came to a lower place attack In Samara, Novo. 30, U. S. Forces struck back, killing 54 Iraqi fighters according to U. S. Military sources, although bodies were not recovered(p) and Iraqi sources claimed many fewer were 1 OFFS largely Muslim nation that supported the U.S. Invasion of Iraq. On Novo. 15, 2 Truck bombs exploded extraneous 2 synagogues in Istanbul, killing 25 concourse and stabbing more than 250 or so had been att caning Sabbath prayers. On Novo. 20, Truck bombs exploded in Istanbul, at the British consulate and Turkish headquarters of HASH bank, killing 30 and injuring 450 the British consul cosmopolitan, Roger Short, was among those killed. An anonymous caller attributed the bank attack to al-Qaeda and the Islamic Front of Raiders of the Great Orient, a Turkish group that had also claimed responsibility for the synagogue bombings.A auto bomb that exploded Novo. 8 in a residential compound in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, claimed 17 lives and wounded more than 120. * Bush Visits Britain- Pres. Bush arrived in London Novo. 18 to begin a articulate visit to Britain. The next day he was welcomed by Queen Elizabeth lat Backing palace in a speech he urged Britain to stand with the U. S. In a long term effort to surpass terrorism and bring d emocracy to Islamic nations of Middle East. Bushs movements were sharply restricted for security reasons the usual patterned advance trough the streets was scrubbed, and he did not address Parliament.Ata meeting between Bush and Prime Min. Tony Bl demarcation Novo. 20, the 2 deplored terrorist attacks that day in Turkey. The same day a crowd of anti Bush protesters estimated by authorities at 100,000 to 110,000 marched through London streets. President of Georgia Resigns Pres. Eduardo Spearheaded resigned his office Novo. 23, after mass protest in Georgia. On Novo. 20, the Central Election Commission had certified that his supporters won the parliamentary election of Novo. 2, but international observers had account instances of fraud, On Novo. 2, protestors had broken into Parliament, forcing Spearheaded, the last foreign minister of Soviet Union, to flee. His decade-long rule had been marked to ward the end by national economic collapse and charges of official corruption. facto rral U. S. Episcopal church consecrates Gay Bishop- The Rev. V. Gene Robinsons consecrated Novo. 2 as bishop of New Hampshire, becoming the first openly gay prelatic The Episcopal perform U. S. A. The consecration went forward despite warnings from Anglican primates in Africa, Asia, and Latin Americana it could ca use up a schism in church.Rowan Williams, the archbishop of Canterbury, issued a statement Novo. 2 that recognized the right of the American branch to choose its bishops, but expressed regret that the concerns of other church leaders had not been given consideration. On Novo. 3, Anglican leaders in Africa declared that they were in State of impaired communion with the U. S. Episcopalian. Man admits killing 48 women in car park River case- Gary Ridgeway, a resident of a Seattle (WA) suburb pleaded guilty Novo. 5 to killing 48 young women, most of them prostitutes or runaways.Since the sass authorities had been searching the so-called Green River Killer, who had strangled the women after having sex with them and left many of their bodies near the river. Ridgeway confessed the crime in an agreement with prosecutors that spared him the death penalty no other in series(p) murderer in U. S. History had been convicted of so many killings. On DCE. 8, Ridgeway was sentenced to 48 consecutive life terms. 2002 DC Sniper Convicted A Virginia Beach (VA) control board Novo. 17 appoint John Muhammad guilty in sniper attacks that plagued the Washington, DC, accomplice, Lee Mallow, currently on trial separately.He was convicted of 2 counts of capital murder, genius for committing multiple murders over 3 years and one for killing doyen Meyers in Cot. 2002 to further a terrorist scheme aimed at extorting $10 mil. Muhammad was also found guilty of conspiracy to commit murder and illegal use of a firearm. Prosecutors relied on strong specific evidence, including a rifle mound in his car that ballistics tests showed had been used in 13 shootings. The Jury Novo. 24 recommended a death sentence, which was imposed by the Judge Mar. 9,2004. Michael Jackson Arrested for Child Abuse- right enforcement officials in Santa Barbara, CA, Novo. 9 issued an arrest warrant for singer Michael Jackson on multiple counts of child molestation. They say that the pouch star would be charged with lewd and lascivious conduct with a child under age 14. Allegations a decade earlier that he had molested a 13-year- old boy had been resolved out of mash with a multimillion-dollar settlement. Jackson was booked at the Santa Barbara County Jail, Novo. 20, and released on $3 mil bail he was formally charged DCE. 18. Jackson rejected the charge as unfounded. DECEMBER 2003 NATIONAL Bush Lifts Tarries on brand name Imports- Pres. George. W. Bush reversed one of his state policies DCE. When he lifted tarries on sport imported steel, stiff DCE. 5. His government activity had imposed the tarries in March 2002, and they were scheduled to be in effect for 3 years. Howev er, the human worlds Trade Organization Novo. 10 had upheld an earlier ruling declaring the tariffs illegal, and the European Union and a number f countries had threatened to retaliate against them. South Dakota Congressman Resigns After Conviction- Rep. William Jackson (RED), a creator governor of the state, was convicted DCE. 8 of 2nd-degree manslaughter and other charges, and announced he would resign from Congress in January.In August, Sandlots car had struck and killed a motorcyclist. dialog box Endorses Dean for democratic nomination Former Vice Pres. AH Gore DCE. 9 endorsed Howard Dean for a participatory presidential nomination. Gore, the partys presidential nominee in 2000, passed over another candidate, Seen . Joe Lieberman (CT), his 2000 running mate, and was redirected by some particularly for having failed to notify Lieberman of his decision before it was made public. In DCE. 9 speeches in New York and Iowa, Gore praised Dean for being the only leading Democrati c contender who had consistently opposed the Iraq war.The 9 Democrats seeking the nomination debated that day in Durham, NH. On DCE. 14, Lieberman remarked, If Howard Dean had his way, Sad Hussein would be in power today, not in prison. On DCE. 15, Dean asserted,The capture of Sad Hussein has not made America safer. On DCE. 23, consumer advocate Ralph Ender, the Green Party presidential nominee in 1996 and 2000, said e would not seek the partys nomination for 2004. Democrats elected in San Francisco, Houston- In a nonpartisan election, businessman Gavin Newswomen, a Democrat, won a runoff election for mayor of San Francisco DCE. , defeating Green Party member Matt Gonzalez, 53% to 47% this was the best(p) showing yet by a green in a U. S. Biscuit mayoral election. Newswomen was to copy outgoing Mayor Wily Democrat and a former U. S. Deputy energy secretary, won with 62% of the vote, defeating Cuban-born Ronald Sanchez, a Republican. Supreme Court Upholds crowd Finance Law- A 5- 4 majority on the U. S. Supreme Court, DCE. 10, upheld the 2002 campaign-finance law as a constitutional approach to combating spending abuses in a political process.The 2002 Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act had been challenged on first-amendment grounds by a number of desperate organizations they objected to the ban on unlimited soft money contributions to the political parties and to a ban on certain advertising Just front to elections. California Governor Declares Fiscal Crisis- Gob. Arnold Schwarzenegger (R,CA) DCE. 18 declared that his state was in a fiscal crisis. This announcement would allow him, he said, to cut pending by $1 50 mil without having to get the legislatures approval.Californians amaze ratings had been reduced to near Junk-bond levels, and a state deficit of $15 bill was projected for 2004. Terror natty in U. S. Is Raised to High- Tom Ridge, secretary of homeland security, announced DCE. 21 that the U. S. Antiterrorism alert status was being raised to high (or ange) from elevated (yellow). Ridge said that the danger of a terrorist attack was perhaps greater now than at any point since Swept. 11, 2001 . He cited unspecific new intelligence information that suggested plans to lulu during the holiday season. On DCE. 24, Air France, responding Tao U.S. Request, canceled 6 flights between Paris and Los Angles U. S. Officials reportedly suspected that the passengers on the flights could hire links to terrorism. On the same day the FBI circulated a warning to law enforcement organizations to be on the comply for almanacs, since they could be used by terrorist to assist with target selection and pre-operational planning. Some media reports noted the warning humorously, since these general reference works, official the largest * selling is The World Almanac and Book of Facts, are read by millions of people each year. On DCE. 9, the Department of Homeland Security announced a Rule requiring armed air marshals on certain foreign carriers flight s entering U. S airspace that intelligence suggested were at limited risk of terrorist attack. When a British Airways plane landed at Dulles International Airport outside Washington, DC, DCE. 31, authorities held the passengers, interviewing some, and rescanned the luggage. U. S. Bans Use of Weight Reduction Pill- the Bush administration DCE. 30 said it would prohibit use of Phaedra, a herbal supplement used by millions of Americans to lose weight or to improve acrobatic performance.Tommy Thompson, secretary of Health and Human services, said the supplement was too risky to be used. Phaedra had been linked to philia attacks, stokes, and sudden deaths. In February 2003, Steve Bechtel, a pitcher for the Baltimore Orioles, died after taking Phaedra tablets, and a medical examiner said that the supplement was a factor in his death. Special Council to Investigate Leak of Agents Name- Tatty. Gene. John Ashcroft DCE. 30 outback(a) himself from any role in the investigation into the lea king of a CIA name Tao journalist.At issue was whether anyone in the Bush administration had violated the awe by revealing the name of the agent, Valerie Blame, to columnist Robert Novak, who published her name in July. The judge dept. Said DCE. 30 that a special council would head the investigation. Blame was the wife of Joseph Wilson, a former U. S. ambassador who had publicly cast doubt on an administration assertion of nuclear for 3 years in a row, investors had much to cheer about DCE. 31, as major stock indexes showed large gains for 2003. The DOD Jones industries average has risen 25%to 10,453. 92.A broader measure, Standard and Poors 500-stock index, posted a 26%gain, moving up to 1. 92. The tech-Agave NASDAQ index innovative 50%, to 2003. 37. Averages were still below their all-time highs of the late sass, however.. Forces Strike Back in Iraq- U. S. Forces continued the tactic of launching massive raids targeting insurgents resisting the occupation. On DCE. 2, 1,000 troo ps raided Hajji, west of Kirk, in an effort to capture an aide to former Pres. Sad Hussein. Ata meeting in Iraq DCE. 6 with U. S. Sec. OF Defense Donald Remorseful, Lit. Gene. Richard Sanchez said that attacks on U. S. Ores were running below 20 a day, half the rate of a few weeks earlier. Remorseful Visits Afghanistan- Amid reports of a growing number of attacks on u. S forces in Afghanistan